{"id":10791,"date":"2023-07-12T11:26:04","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T08:26:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muzej.by\/?p=10791"},"modified":"2023-07-13T09:06:56","modified_gmt":"2023-07-13T06:06:56","slug":"%d0%bf%d1%91%d1%82%d1%80-%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muzej.by\/?p=10791","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10791\" class=\"elementor elementor-10791\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fd73f77 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"fd73f77\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18332d1\" data-id=\"18332d1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9424cfe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9424cfe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>\u0421\u0432\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0430<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u041a\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044b \u0423.\u041d. \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430. 2011 \u0433.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u041f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0430 (\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0430\u0435 \u0456\u043c\u044f \u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u0421\u0456\u043c\u044f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0447 \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0430; 1597\u20131647) \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430\u045e\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442\u044b, \u0446\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u045e\u043d\u044b \u0456 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0437\u0435\u044f\u0447 \u0420\u044d\u0447\u044b \u041f\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0439. \u0417 1627 \u0433. \u2013 \u043a\u0456\u0435\u0432\u0430-\u043f\u044f\u0447\u044d\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u044b\u0442. \u0414\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0435\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u0443\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b \u0434\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430\u045e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u041a\u0456\u0435\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0456 \u0437 \u0446\u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0443 \u041a\u0456\u0435\u0432\u0435. \u0423 1632\u20131647 \u0433\u0433. \u2013 \u043c\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442 \u041a\u0456\u0435\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u0456 \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0446\u043a\u0456. \u041f\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043f\u0448\u0430\u045e \u0446\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0440\u044d\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0430\u045e \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0430\u0434\u043d\u0430\u045e\u043b\u044f\u045e \u0446\u044d\u0440\u043a\u0432\u044b, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u044b\u044f\u045e \u043f\u0430\u0448\u044b\u0440\u044d\u043d\u043d\u044e \u0430\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0423 1632 \u0433. \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u045e \u041a\u0456\u0435\u0432\u0430-\u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0443\u043c \u0456 \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0451\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u044e. \u041d\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0440\u044d\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u045e \u0412\u0456\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043c, \u0421\u043b\u0443\u0446\u043a\u0456\u043c, \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0451\u045e\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043c \u0456 \u0410\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456\u043c \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0456 \u0456 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0456. \u0423 1635 \u0433. \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430\u045e \u0412\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044e, \u041c\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a \u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u044b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044b. \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0440\u044b\u0445\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u045e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u044d\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u0456\u0433 \u201c\u041d\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u201d, \u201c\u0415\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0443\u0447\u044b\u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u0435\u201d, \u201c\u041b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043d\u201d (\u201c\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u044d\u0431\u043d\u0456\u043a\u201d), \u201c\u0415\u045e\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0456\u0451\u043d\u201d (\u201c\u0422\u0440\u044d\u0431\u043d\u0456\u043a\u201d) \u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u044b\u0445, \u0434\u0430 \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0441\u0430\u045e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043c\u043e\u0432\u044b. \u0410\u045e\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0448\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0439. \u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u043a \u201c\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\u201d, \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u045e 1672 \u0433. \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u045e \u0406\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0456\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u045e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u044f\u043a \u0433\u0430\u043b\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0430 \u045e\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0426\u044d\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0430\u045e. \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u045e 1996 \u0433.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u201c\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u044d\u0431\u043d\u0456\u043a\u201d \u2013 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u044d\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0456\u0433\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0430\u044f \u045e\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0434\u043e\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0446\u044c \u0442\u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045e \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0432\u0430\u045e, \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u045e \u0456 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0456\u0447\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0456 \u0434\u044b\u044f\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0411\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0439 \u043b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0456\u0456 \u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0430\u045e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. \u201c\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u044d\u0431\u043d\u0456\u043a\u201d, \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b \u045e 1629 \u0456 1639 \u0433\u0433., \u0456 \u201c\u0422\u0440\u044d\u0431\u043d\u0456\u043a\u201d, \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044b \u045e 1646 \u0433., \u044f\u043a\u0456\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u045e \u043c\u0456\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0442 \u041f\u0451\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0456\u043b\u0430, \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0446\u043d\u044b \u045e\u043f\u043b\u044b\u045e \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u044d\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0439 \u0426\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u045e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445, \u0431\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445, \u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0445 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0430\u0436 \u0434\u0430 XX \u0441\u0442.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f6533d\" data-id=\"3f6533d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63ad0a2 elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"63ad0a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;arrows&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 2\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/muzej.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sluzhebnik1-768x855.jpg\" alt=\"\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\n\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430\n\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e-\u041f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430. 1639 \u0433. \u041c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0436\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 2\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/muzej.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sluzebnik2-768x838.jpg\" alt=\"\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\n\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430\n\u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e-\u041f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430. 1639 \u0433. \u041c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0436\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u041a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0412.\u041d. \u0413\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e. 2011 \u0433. \u0425\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442, \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430 (\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0430; 1597\u20131647) \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0439, \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0420\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439. \u0421 1627 \u0433. \u2013 \u043a\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0442. 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